A JSON Web Token has three Base64URL parts separated by dots: a header describing the signing algorithm, a payload carrying claims such as the subject and expiry, and a signature. The first two parts are plain JSON once decoded, so you can read them without any key.
Time-based claims are stored as Unix timestamps in seconds. iat is when the token was issued, nbf is the earliest moment it is valid, and exp is when it stops being accepted. The decoder converts them to UTC dates and shows how long a live token has left.
Decoding is not verification. Anyone can read a JWT, but only a party that holds the signing key can confirm the content was not changed. Use this page for debugging and inspection, and keep production tokens out of screenshots and shared chat.